托福语法详解——名词性从句

  在托福考试中，语法和词汇都是我们学习的重点，想要在托福写作部分拿到高分，正确的使用语法是考生们不可或缺的能力，今天我们就为大家详细解读一下托福语法——名词性从句。

什么是名词性从句？

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句，根据从句在句子中充当的成分，分为：

主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句

为什么要用名词性从句？

当作者想表达的意思不能用一个名词或名词短语来涵盖时，就要用完整的句子当作名词来用。

主语从句

（1）引导词+从句

示例

That Peppa looks like a hair dryer is a fact.

Whether you have internship experience is of great importance.

When he’ll finish doing the homework depends on his efficiency.

What he hopes to see by 2025 is the end of extreme poverty in the world……

Whoever comes is welcome.

How the first governments took shape in these areas is not certain.

注：主语从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数

（2）It做形式主语

That our advanced science and technology can help us to make the achievement of this goal possible is being considered seriously by whoever wants to improve the human condition.

→It is being considered seriously by whoever wants to improve the human condition that our advanced science and technology can help us to make the achievement of this goal possible.

常用句型

It is obvious/apparent/possible/likely that…

It is true that…/It is a fact that…

It is said/reported/commonly acknowledged that…

It is common knowledge/a miracle that…

宾语从句

示例

When he’ll finishing doing the homework depends on his efficiency.

→His efficiency decides when he’ll finish doing the homework.（动词宾语）

I agree with what you said just now.（介词宾语）

I am afraid that it’s too late.（形容词宾语）

引导词

示例

孩子们不知道圣诞老人会在长筒袜里放什么。

The children don’t know what Santa Claus will put in their stockings.

连接代词：what，which，who，whom，whose

你能告诉我你昨晚十点在哪吗？

Can you tell me where you were at 10 o’clock last night？

连接副词：when，where，how，why，需要注意语序的转变。

表语从句

（1）陈述句+that

示例

That Peppa looks like a hair dryer is a fact.

→The fact is that Peppa looks like a hair dryer.

（2）一般疑问句用whether，不要if

示例

Is the film worth seeing？

→The question is whether the film is worth seeing.

（3）特殊疑问句保留疑问句，变陈述语序

示例

What were you doing at 10 o’clock last night？

→The key point is that what you were doing at 10 o’clock last night.

同位语从句

一个名词或代词后面有时跟一个名词或起名词作用的成分，对前者进一步说明，叫做同位语。

示例

我们中国人是勤劳勇敢的。

We Chinese people are industrious and courageous.

某些抽象名词后面可以用that，whether，when等引导的从句作同位语，如：

question/feeling/belief/conclusion/idea/doubt…

示例

雪诺会复活，对此我并不怀疑。

I have no doubt that Snow would come back to life.