2022-02-24 分类: 英语学习 3 名老师参与回答 379 人浏览
今天四六级成绩已经可以查询了,不知各位考生们有没有考过。今天为大家带来的是四级翻译题的一些做题方法,一起来看看吧~~
顺译法
顺译法是指按照原文顺序翻译的方法。有些汉语句子的内容结构与英语表达方式比较一致,在翻译时可以按照原文顺序进行翻译。这种方法多用于单一主语的句子。
示例1:灯笼起源于东汉,最初主要用于照明。
词:起源于originate in/from;derive from;stem from
东汉the Eastern Han Dynasty
译文:Lanterns originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty,and were at first used primarily/mainly for lighting.
示例2:人们应当好好读书,尤其是经典著作。
译文:People should read good books,especially classic ones.
逆译法
汉语的信息排列一般是按事物的自然逻辑发展顺序,先叙事后表态,先因后果,先条件后结论,由远及近,由大到小,由强到弱,由一般到具体,信息焦点常放在句末。而英语重理性思维,其逻辑顺序一般为先主后从,即先表态后叙事,先果后因,把信息重心放在前面。所以,翻译时应根据译入语的特点适当调整语序。
示例1:为驱厄运、迎好运,家家户户都会进行大扫除。
译文1:Every family would thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck.
译文2:It is traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck.
示例2:过去,乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。
译文1:In the past,it was unimaginable for most Chinese people to travel by plane.
译文2:In the past,it was beyond most Chinese people’s imagination to travel by plane.
译文3(顺译):In the past,travelling by plane was unimaginable for most Chinese people.
示例3:近年来,节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人数在不断增加。
译文1:In recent years,the number of people choosing to travel by air during holidays has been increasing.
译文2:In recent years,the number of people travelling by air during holidays has increased.
合并译法
合并译法亦称化零为整法,主要是根据英语行文紧凑、简练的原则,将两句或数句合译成一句。
示例1:黄山位于安徽省南部。它风景独特,尤以其日出和云海著称。
词:位于be located in…
安徽省南部the south of Anhui Province;southern Anhui Province
云海sea of clouds
译文1:Located in southern Anhui Province,Mount Huang is known for its unique natural scenery,particularly for its sunrises and sea of clouds.
译文2:Mount Huang in southern Anhui Province is known for its unique natural scenery,particularly for its sunrises and sea of clouds.
译文3(不合并):Mount Huang is in southern Anhui Province. It is known for its unique natural scenery,particularly for its sunrises and sea of clouds.
示例2:功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术(martial arts)的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要。
译文1:Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts,the origin of which can date back to the need of self-defence.
译文2:Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts,whose origin can date back to the need of self-defence.
译文3:Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts,which can date back to the need of self-defence.
译文4:Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts,which can be traced back to the need of self-defense.
译文5:Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts,which originated from the need of self-defense.
示例3:中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人的速度增长。这极大地改变了许多人的阅读方式。
词:智能手机smartphone
以…的速度at a…speed/rate
…的方式the way to do;the way of doing;the way sb. do sth.
许多人的阅读方式the way many people read
译文1:The number of China’s smartphone users has been growing at an amazing speed in recent years,which has greatly changed the way many people read.
译文2:China’s smartphone users have been growing at an amazing speed in recent years,which has greatly changed the way many people read.
拆分译法
拆分译法是把一个长而复杂的句子拆译成若干个较短、较简单的句子。
示例1:中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史,在明朝和清朝时期特别流行,人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。
译文:The Chinese papercutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings.
示例2:丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光,众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样、丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。
词:少数民族同胞(fellow)minorities
译文1:There are beautiful natural sceneries everywhere in Lijiang,and fellow minorities there provide tourists with various colourful cultural experiences.
译文2:Lijiang is full of beautiful natural sceneries,and many minorities there provide tourists with various colourful cultural experiences.
示例3:随着旅行多了,年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了,他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引。
词:著名景点famous scenic spots
译文1:With more travels,youngsters spend less time in major cities of famous scenic spots. Instead,they are attracted to remote places.
译文2:As they travel more,youngsters spend less time in major cities or famous scenic spots. Instead,they are more attracted to remote places.
译文3(不拆分):With more travels,youngsters are more attracted to remote places instead of major cities of famous scenic spots.
句间连贯
目的:使句与句之间的连接通顺而流畅。
示例:黄山的湿润气候有利于茶树生长,是中国主要产茶地之一。
句间连贯:前后可判断为因果关系
译文1(不考虑句间连贯,直接翻译):The humid climate in Mount Huang is beneficial to the growth of tea trees;Mount Huang is one of the major tea producers in China.
译文2:The humid climate in Mount Huang is beneficial to the growth of tea trees,(thus)making Mount Huang one of the major tea producers in China.
译文3:With humid climate which is beneficial to the growth of tea trees,Mount Huang is one of the major tea producers in China.
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